2019年弗吉尼亚州法案和新法律亮点

Each January the Virginia General Assembly convenes to consider passing new laws and repealing old ones. Delegates and State Senators meet for six or eight weeks in alternating years with the extra two weeks in years when a budget is voted on. 今年我们有47天的会议，截止日期是2月24日. 一般, the new laws become effective on July 1st with exceptions for either immediate or delayed enactment. 提出了3000多项法案. 有些延续到2020年的会议, 另一些则未能在参众两院获得通过, 其中一些被州长否决了. 以下是一些通过和一些没有通过的重点. 

通过了新的法律

面向后的儿童约束装置—Forward-facing child restraint devices until the child reaches two years of age or until the child reaches the minimum height and weight as prescribed by the manufacturer are prohibited. Studies show rear-facing seats provide better protection for the child’s head, 当车辆发生碰撞时，颈部和脊柱. The bill was passed in 2018 but had a delayed effective date of July 1, 2019. HB708 

喂奶休息—The Department of Human Resource Management is required to develop state personnel policies that provide break time for nursing mothers to express breast milk with reasonable time and a place other than a bathroom shielded from view and free from intrusion from coworkers and the public. HB1916 

欢乐时光广告—This bill expands the ability of retail on-premises licensees to advertise happy hours by allowing them to state the prices of featured alcoholic drinks and to use creative marketing techniques as long as the advertisements don’t encouraged overconsumption or drinking by minors. SB1726 

购买, 占有, 烟草制品销售, 尼古丁蒸汽产品, 及替代尼古丁产品-购买或持有烟草制品的最低年龄, 尼古丁蒸汽产品, and alternative nicotine products increases from 18 to 21 with the exception of active duty military personnel. The bill also allows tobacco and 尼古丁蒸汽产品 to be sold from a vending machine if there is posted notice of the minimum age requirements and the machine is located in an area that is not open to the general public and readily accessible to persons under 21.  HB2748 

音乐会场地露天露天剧场吸烟-随着这个法案的通过, localities may enact ordinances to designate reasonable no-smoking areas within an outdoor amphitheater or concert venue owned by the locality. The bill requires the ordinance to post adequate signage designating the no-smoking areas. A violation will be a civil (not criminal) penalty with a fine of not more than $25. SB1304 

诉讼时效—This bill provides that a statute of limitations for an action based on an unsigned, 书面合同在诉因发生后三年生效. HB2242 

资本谋杀-任何被判谋杀执法人员死刑的人, 消防局长, or certain other public safety officials who was 18 or older at the time of the offense shall be sentenced to no less than a mandatory minimum term of confinement for life. SB1501 

自闭症谱系障碍保险—Insurance companies are required to cover autism spectrum disorder regardless of the insured’s age. 以前，只有2到10岁的孩子才需要这样做. The requirement affects policies issued, reissued, or offered beginning January 1, 2020. HB2577 SB1693 

虐待动物一系列关于拴动物的法案通过了, 足够的遮蔽处和空间, 以及对动物的普遍虐待. “适当的住房”包括提供住房, 在炎热的天气, 是阴暗的，不容易传导热量和, 在寒冷的天气, 入口有防风林并提供足够的垫料. Hb1625 sb1025 hb1874 hb1897 

超越法律-移动的要求, 如果不能移动，就放慢速度, for emergency vehicles on the side of the road has been expanded to include most all vehicles displaying flashing lights. And a conviction for even a first offense is a Class One misdemeanor (like reckless driving) with a possible penalty of up to $2,500美元，最高监禁一年. 入狱的可能性也带来了请律师的权利. HB1911 

VA Lottery Law; Disclosure of a Lottery Winner’s Identity—The VA Lottery may not disclose information about and individual winner whose prize exceeds $10 million unless the winner consents. HB1650 / SB1060 

撤销车辆登记届满传票—Courts are authorized to dismiss a summons for expired registration if the defendant provides the court proof of compliance with the law on or before the court date. HB1712 

大麻—New law signed by Governor Northam in March expanded Virginia’s medical cannabis program. Interested persons may be able to go to a healthcare professional and secure a prescription for the use of CBD and THC-A products from one of five dispensaries that will be set up throughout the Commonwealth. Smoking marijuana in Virginia is still illegal and the recreational use of cannabis products is still prohibited. SB1557 

没有成为法律的法案 

禁止庇护政策-禁止地方自治团体制定条例的法案, 过程, or policy intended to restrict the enforcement of federal immigration laws passed both VA House and Senate but was vetoed by Governor Northam. SB1156 

弹簧刀的制造和分销—A bill exempting from the prohibition on selling or possessing switchblades by a manufacturer, 经销商, or employee who uses it in the due course of his employment passed both VA House and Senate but was vetoed by Governor Northam. SB1251 

平等权利修正案-决定让弗吉尼亚成为38人^th and final state to ratify the ERA passed the VA Senate (26-14) but failed by one vote in the House of Delegates Committee to take the vote to the full floor. 即使退伍军人事务部参众两院都通过了, federal courts would have likely gotten involved since deadline to ratify the amendment was 1982. That fact didn’t stop large numbers of advocates from demonstrating at the state capitol. SJ284 

This is merely a highlight of bills addressed in the 2019 VA legislative session. 资料来自以下来源: 

http://dls.virginia.gov/pubs/summary/2019/summary2019.pdf

http://dls.virginia.gov/pubs/idc/idc19.html 

凯瑟琳Byler 是一个澳门亚洲博彩平台排名 & 科沃德律师专注于房地产领域的业务, 业务, 监护, 以及遗产规划事宜.